Buluuni
Kupanga mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe akuimira ndi galimoto - TIMA ZINSINSI ZONSE: Plasmid, kachilombo ndi khungu. Chikhalidwe chawo, kuyeretsa, kuzindikira komanso njira zina ndi zosiyana, zomwe zimakhala ndi zofunikira kwambiri kuwongolera mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndikofunikira kuzindikira zodetsa, chitetezo, zomwe zili / kuzindikiritsa / kusazindikira kwa thupi ndi zizindikiro zina. Poyankha zofunikira za mankhwala ndi kumasulidwa kwa cell, mapiri apanga zida zodziwitsa zotsalira ndi ntchito zopangidwa ndi kachilombo ka mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kuthandiza kuwongolera mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndikuthandizira kuwongolera mtundu wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
