Kei Sato aitsvaga dambudziko rake guru rinotevera makore mashanu apfuura payakamurova - uye nyika - pamberi. Iyo virologist ichangobva yatanga boka rakazvimirira kuYunivhesiti yeTokyo uye aive achiedza kuendesa niche mune yeiyo nzvimbo yakazara yakazara yehutachiona hweHIV. "Ndakafunga kuti," Chii chandingaite nemakore makumi maviri kana makumi matatu? ""
Akawana mhinduro muSers - COV - 2, hutachiona hwehukama hweshoko - 19 dengic, yaive nekukurumidza kupararira kutenderera pasirese. Muna Kurume 2020, senyerekuru vakadzungudza kuti Tokyo anogona kutarisana neyakaisa mhiko iyo yaizomira zviitiko zvekutsvagisa, Sato uye nevadzidzi vashanu vakatsauka kune aimbova murabhoritari muKyoto. Ikoko, vakatanga kudzidza protein yehutachiona iyo inochengetedza - COV - 2 inoshandisa quell iyo yemuviri yekutanga immune mhinduro. Sato munguva pfupi yakatanga consortium yevatsvagiri izvo zvaizoenderera mberi nekuburitsa zvishanu zvidzidzo zvechikuru.
Mumakore mashanu chete, sars - COV - 2 yakava imwe yemashanduri akanyatsoongororwa papasi. Vatsvagiri vakaburitsa zvinyorwa zve150,000 ekutsvagisa nezvazvo, maererano neCititation Database Scopus. Izvo zvinetso zvakapetwa katatu huwandu hwemapepa akabudiswa muHIV munguva imwe chete. Masayendisiti akagadzirawo anopfuura mamirioni manomwe emamiriyoni - COV - Izvi zvakapa maonero asina kujairika munzira dzinoshandurwa hutachiona sekutapukirwa. "Pakange paine mukana wekuona denda munguva chaiyo mukugadziriswa kwakakwirira kupfuura zvakamboitika kare," anodaro Tom Peacock, virologist paPirbright Institute, pedyo nekudonha, UK.
Iye zvino, nenhamba yekukurumidzira yeiyo dengic iri kumashure - View girazi, virologists vari kutora stock yezvidzidzo zvingaitika munguva pfupi pfupi, kusanganisira Kushanduka kwayo uye kutaurirana kwacho nevashandi vevanhu. Heano zvidzidzo zvina kubva kudenda iro vamwe vanoti vanogona kupa simba Yepasi rose mhinduro kune ramangwana dzinotyisa - Asi chete kana vesainzi uye veruzhinji - masangano ehutano ari munzvimbo yekuishandisa.
Verral Sequoles vanotaura nyaya
Musi wa 11 Ndira 2020, Edward Holmes, vilogist kuYunivhesiti yeSydney, vakafunga kuti masayendisiti mazhinji anofungidzirwa - COV - akange agamuchira iyo data kubva kuVrologist Zhang Yongzhen in China.
Nekupera kwegore, masayendisiti aive atumira anopfuura mazana matatu ezviuru emakumi matatu emari kune inozivikanwa seyakazivikanwa se Global Stanhoctative pakugovana zvese furuwenza data (Gisaid). Muyero wekuunganidzwa kwedata chete wakangokurumidza kubva ipapo sekutambudza zvakasiyana-siyana zvehutachiona hwakawana. Dzimwe nyika dzakarima zviwanikwa zvine chekuita nekutsvagira - COV - Zvichakadaro, masayendisiti mune dzimwe nyika, kusanganisira kuSouth Africa, India neBrazil, airatidza kuti kuongorora kwakabudirira kunogona kuona kunetsekana zvakasiyana siyana muZasi - Zvigadziriso zvechisimba.
Mudenda rekutanga, dzakadai sa 2013-16 West Africa Ebata kubuda, kudhirowa kwedata kwakauya zvishoma nezvishoma kuti utarise kuti hutachiona hwehutachiona hwakapararira sei. Asi zvakakurumidza kujekesa kuti sarsi - COV - Zvikwangwani zviviri zvaizouya kuhuwandu husina kumboitika uye nekumhanya, genicemiologist kune switzers neSwitzers neyekutamba kwehutano muBasel. Anoshanda kuedza kunonzi kunotevera kutevera, iyo inoshandisa genome data kuteedzera mavairasi, sekufudzwa, kuti unzwisise zviri nani kupararira kwavo. "Takanga tave nekuwanda kwenzira idzi dzekuti, mune dzidziso, zvinogona kunge zvakabatsira," Holdcroft inoti. "Uye zvese zvakangoerekana zvaitika, muna 2020, takava nemukana wekumisa tiratidze."
Pakutanga, sars - COV - 2 Sequencing data yaishandiswa tsvaga kupararira kwehutachiona pamupendero wayo epicenter muWuhan, China, uye ipapo Globally. Izvi zvakapindurwa mibvunzo yekutanga - yakadai sekuti hutachiona hwakafararira zvakanyanya pakati pevanhu kana kubva kumhuka dzakafanana nevanhu. Iyo data yakaratidza nzira dzenzvimbo dzakambofambirwa nehutachiona hwakafambiswa nehutachiona, uye nekuvaratidza nekukurumidza kupfuura kugona kuferefetwa kwakajairika kwekuferefetwa. Gare gare, nekukurumidza - kutapurudzira zvakasiyana zvehutachiona vakatanga kuoneka, uye vakatumira kutevedza lab bab babs vakapinda hyperrda. Ungano yepasi rose yemasayendisiti uye imateur akasiyana trackers yakadzvanywa kuburikidza neyekutevedzana data nguva dzose mukutsvaga kwekunetseka kwekunetseka kwehutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutachiona.
"Zvakave zvichikwanisika kuteedzera kushanduka kwehutachiona uhwu muchishanduke chaizvo kuti vaone chaizvo," anodaro Jesus Nemamiriyoni emamirioni - COV - 2 genies mumaoko, vaongorori vanogona ikozvino kudzokera kuzonzwisisa zvipinganidzo pakushanduka-shanduka. "Ndicho chimwe chinhu chatisatambonyatsogona kuita," anodaro hodicroft.
Virmas vanochinja kupfuura zvinotarisirwa
Nekuti hapana munhu akamboti afunda sers - COV - 2 masayendisiti, masayendisiti akauya nemafungiro avo nezvekufungidzira kwaiita. Vazhinji vakatungamirwa nezviitiko nemumwe hutachiona hunokonzera hutachiona hwekufema: furuwenza. "Isu takanga tisina ruzivo rwakawanda nezvezvimwe hutachiona hwekufema dzinga kukonzera matanda," anodaro Hodcroft.
Furuwenza inopararira zvakanyanya kuburikidza ne Kuwana KwemutumbiIzvi zvinobvumira kuti vabvise vanhu vevanhu. Nekuti hapana munhu akambotapukirwa nemapfumbamwe - Cov - 2 masayendisiti vasati asvika mairi ekushandurwa kwemuviri kusvikira pavaivharirwa.
Kubuda kwekukurumidza - Kuendesa, Kunopisa Variants of Sars - COV - 2, saAlfa naDelta, vakarambidza mamwe mafungiro ekutanga. Kunyangwe kutanga kwasvika 2020, sars - COV - 2 yanga yatora imwe amino - acid shanduko iyo yakanyanya kukwikwidza kupararira kwayo. Vamwe vazhinji vaizotevera.
"Zvandakange ndakatadza uye ndisina kufungidzira kuti kwaizochinja sei sirintypically," anodaro Holmes. "Wakaona izvi zvinoshamisa zvinoshamisa mukufambisa uye hutachiona." Izvi zvakaratidza kuti sers - COV - 2 haina kunyanya kunyatsocherwa kupararira pakati pevanhu payuhan, guta remamiriyoni. Izvo zvinogona kunge zvakanyatsonaka kunze munzvimbo isinganyatsovhunduka, anowedzera.
Holmes zvishamiso, zvakare, kunyangwe kukwevera kwekushanduka kwekucherechedzwa kwekucherechedzwa kwaingova chigadzirwa chekureva kuti vanopinda sei - COV - 2 yakatsanangurwa. Vanoongorora vangangoona zvakafanana here kana vaitarisa kubuda kwekunyepedzera kunetseka kwaive kutsva kuhuwandu, pakugadziriswa kwakafanana? Izvo zvinoramba zvichitemwa.
Hofori yekutanga inosvetuka iyo svutugadzike - CO - Asi izvo zvakachinja nekubuda kweiyo Omicron kusiyanisa muna 2021, iyo yaive yakaremerwa nekushanduka kune yayo 'protein yayo yePriti iyo yakabatsira kuti Didge mhinduro (iyo protein inobvumira hutachiona kuti apinde masero ehondo). Masayendisiti akadai sekutunganidzwa kwatanga kushushikana nekuchinja uku kwakakurumidza kuoneka mukutevedzana kwepositi - Omikron Vasers.
Uye izvo zvaisave kunyange zvinonyanya kushamisa chikamu cheOmicron, chinodaro Ravindra Gupta, virologist kuYunivhesiti yeCambridge, UK. Nguva pfupi yapera kusiyana, timu yake uye vamwe vakaona kuti, kusiyana nevaridzi vekare - COV - "Kuti ndinyorere kuti hutachiona hwakatanga hunhu hwayo hwekuita nguva yekufamba kwenguva," anodaro Guptta.
Kutumira Nguva: 2025 - 05 - 263:59:39
