Kei Satho yana neman babban kalubale na gaba shekaru biyar da suka gabata lokacin da ya fasa shi - da kuma duniya - a fuska. Kwakwataccen likitan dabbobi ya fara zama ƙungiya mai zaman kanta a Jami'ar Tokyo kuma tana kokarin sanya wani yanki ne na binciken kwayar cutar HIV. "Na yi tunani, 'Me zan iya yi don shekaru 20 ko 30 na gaba?'"
Ya sami amsa a SARS - COV - 2, Kwayar da ke da alhakin COVID - 19 Pandemic, wannan shine cikin sauri yadawa a duniya. A cikin Maris 2020, kamar yadda jita-jitar jita-jitar cewa Tokyo na iya fuskantar abin da zai dace da ayyukan bincike, daliban biyar sun yi wa zanga-zangar mai ba da shawarar mai ba da shawara a kan Kyoto. A can, sun fara nazarin furotin ko bidiyo da SARS - cov - 2 yayi amfani da shi Ka daina yawan martani na jikin mutum. Ba da daɗewa ba satto ya kafa wani ɓangare na masu binciken da zasu ci gaba don buga akalla karatu 50 na a kan cutar.
A cikin shekaru biyar kawai, SARS - 2 ya zama ɗaya daga cikin ƙwayoyin cuta masu bincike akan duniyar. Masu binciken sun buga kusan labarai na biyu na bincike game da shi, a cewar bayanan bayanan bayanan saiti. Wannan yana da kusan sau uku da yawa adadin takardu da aka buga a kan kwayar cutar kanjamau a daidai wannan lokacin. Masana kimiyya sun haɓaka fiye da miliyan 17 SARS - Cov - 2 jerin abubuwa 2 zuwa yanzu, fiye da kowane kwayoyin. Wannan ya ba da ra'ayi wanda ba a haɗa shi ba cikin hanyoyin da kwayar cutar ta canza kamar yadda cututtukan da ke yaduwa. "An sami damar ganin Pandemic a ainihin lokacin da ya fi babban kiyayewa fiye da yadda aka saba da shi a cikin Cibiyar Pirbright, kusa da woking, Burtaniya.
Yanzu, tare da lokacin gaggawa na pandemic a cikin na baya - Duba madubi, masu ilimin taikiyya suna ɗaukar abin da za a iya koya game da ƙwayar cuta a cikin wannan gajeriyar lokaci, gami da Juyinta da kuma hulɗarsa tare da rundunonin mutane. Anan akwai darussan hudu daga cutar da wasu sun ce su iya karfafawa Amsa na Duniya ga Pandamics - Amma idan dai kawai kimiyya da jama'a - cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya suna wurin amfani da su.
Kwakwalwar hoto tana ba da labarai
A ranar 11 ga Janairu 2020, Edward Holmes, ɗan kwakwalwoyen dabbobi a Jami'ar Sydney, Ostiraliya, ta raba abin da aka fi sani da su na farko da SARS; Ya karbi bayanai daga likitan volistic Zhang Yongzhen a China.
A karshen shekarar, masana kimiyya sun ƙaddamar da jerin abubuwa sama da 300,000 a cikin wurin ajiya da aka sani da Tsarin duniya kan raba duk bayanan mura (Giisaid). Adadin tarin bayanai kawai ya yi sauri daga can yayin da bambance bambancen kwayar cutar ta karba. Wasu ƙasashe suna shuka albarkatu zuwa Siquenming Surs - COV - A tsakaninsu, Ingila ta ba da gudummawa sama da miliyan 8.5 (duba 'ciki na hoto na hoto. A halin yanzu, masana kimiyya a wasu ƙasashe, ciki har da Afirka ta Kudu, Indiya da Brazil, ta nuna cewa ingantaccen sahihanci na iya tabo damuwa.
A cikin annoba ta farko, kamar barkewar cutar Ebola ta 2013-16, bayanan da aka yi ta zo cikin sannu a hankali don waƙa da yadda kwayar ke yaduwa. Amma da sauri ya zama bayyananne cewa SARS - 2 jerin abubuwa za su isa ga ƙara da ba a san su ba kuma ta hanyar Cibiyar Lafiya ta Juyin Lafiya da Juyin Lafiya na Juyin Likitocin Switzerland. Tana aiki wani yunƙuri da ake kira na gaba, wanda ke amfani da bayanai na gida don ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta, irin su mura, don fahimtar yaduwar su. "Mun kirkiro da yawa daga cikin wadannan hanyoyin da, a ka'idar, za ta iya yi amfani sosai," in ji Hodcroft. "Kuma kwatsam, a cikin 2020, muna da wata dama ta dagawa."
Da farko, SSS - Cov - 2 An yi amfani da bayanan sequencation gano yaduwar kwayar cutar a ecicenter A cikin Wuhan, China, sannan a duniya a hankali. Wannan ya amsa mafi mahimmin tambayoyin - kamar ko kwayar cutar ta bazu daban-daban tsakanin mutane ko kuma daga asalin dabbobi zuwa mutane. Bayanin da aka bayyana hanyoyin ƙasa wanda kwayar ta yi tafiya, ya nuna musu bincike da sauri fiye da yadda zai iya gudanar da bincike na al'ada na al'ada. Daga baya, da sauri - Bayar da bambance bambancen kwayar cutar ta fara bayyana, kuma ta aika da jerin gwanonin cikin hauhawar jini. Cigaban Masana kimiyya da mahimmancin masu son masu son gaske sun gurbata ta hanyar jerin bayanan da kullun don bincika damuwar hoto ta hoto.
"Ya yiwu a bi da juyin halittar wannan kwayar cutar ta zama daidai da halin da cutar kansa ta Hutchinson ta wasan kwaikwayo. Tare da miliyoyin SARS - Cov - 2 Genomes a hannu, masu bincike za su iya komawa suna yin nazarin su don fahimtar abin da ke kan juyin halittar. "Wannan wani abu ne da ba mu taba yin hakan ba kafin," in ji Hodcroft.
Ƙwayoyin cuta sun canza fiye da yadda ake tsammani
Domin ba wanda ya taɓa yin nazarin Sers - COV - 2 kafin, masana kimiyya sun zo tare da tunanin kansu game da yadda hakan zai daidaita. Da yawa sun kasance masu kwarewa da wani kwayar cutar RNA da ke haifar da cututtukan numfashi: muraenenza. "Ba mu da wani bayani da yawa game da sauran ƙwayoyin cuta na numfashi da ke iya haifar da azanci," in ji Hodcroft.
M muraza yaduwa galibi ta hanyar Sayo maye gurbiwanda ke ba shi damar ya mamaye rigakafin mutane. Domin ba wanda ya kamu da SARS - COV - 2 A kafin 2019, da yawa masana kimiyya ba su yi tsammanin da yawa na rigakafi da aka sa su a kansa ta hanyar da mutane ke sanya ko kuma ta hanyar kamuwa da su ba, alurar riga kafi.
Fuskar da sauri - watsa, bambance-bambancen, bambance-bambancen maganganu na SARS - COV - 2, kamar Alpha da Delta, sun soke wasu farkon zato. Koda da farkon 2020, SARS - 22 - 2 ya ɗauki guda aminoe - Canja canjin acid wanda ya inganta yaduwar ta. Da yawa kuma za su bi.
"Abin da na samu ba daidai ba kuma ban yi tsammani ba ne yadda zai canza phenotypoly," in ji Holmes. "Kun ga wannan hanzari mai ban mamaki a cikin hanzari da ƙwarewa. Wannan ya ba da shawarar Sers - Cov - 2 bai dace da yadawa tsakanin mutane ba lokacin da ta fito a Wuhan, birni miliyoyin. Zai iya sosai ya fi kizzled fita a cikin yanayin da ba shi da yawa, ya ƙara.
Holmes abubuwan al'ajabi, shima, ko fashewar hanyar da aka lura ya kasance kawai samfurin yadda SARS yake da ƙarfi. Shin masu binciken zasu iya ganin irin wannan darajar idan sun kalli bayyananniyar abin da ya kamu da yawan jama'a, a wannan ƙuduri? CEWA DON ZA A YI.
Babban Giant Leaps cewa SARS - 2 ya ɗauka tare da alherin ceton: ba sa tasiri cikin rigakafin kariya da cututtukan da suka gabata. Amma wannan ya canza tare da fitowar na bambance-bambancen OPPICRON a ƙarshen 2021, wanda aka yi masa cewa ya taimaka wa Dodge amsawa (furotin karantarwa yana bawa kwayar cutar shigar da sel mai amfani). Masana kimiyya irin su an ɗauke su da Bloom yayin da sauri waɗannan canje-canje sun bayyana a cikin nasara Post - Phicron Bries.
Kuma wannan bai kasance da mafi yawan abin mamaki na Omsron, in ji Ravindra Gupta, ɗan likitan dabbobi a Jami'ar Cambridge, UK. Jim kadan bayan da na bambance-bambancen ya fito, ƙungiyarsa da wasu kuma suka lura cewa, sabanin Sashin da suka gabata - cov - bambance-bambancen da suka fi dacewa da ƙasa. "Don tattara cewa kwayar cutar ta nuna halin ilimin halittar ta a lokacin da ba a bayyana ba, gupta.
Lokaci: 2025 - 05 - 26 13 13:59:39
